Blueprints for Impact

Closing the Water Gap: Investment, Systems, Scale
An interview with Tomás Frade, Sector Director, Mitrelli Water & Food Security
Why is water infrastructure the real frontier of transformation in Africa?
Water itself is not the constraint, systems are. The difference between scarcity and security is institutional and operational. When a country converts raw water into reliable, affordable service at the household tap, you trigger second order effects: lower disease burden, higher school attendance, more time for women’s enterprise, and credible urban growth. But those outcomes come from service levels, not kilometers of pipe.
Future ready systems prioritize continuous supply, water quality compliance, and low nonrevenue water. That requires asset management, skilled operators, and financing structures that pay for performance over the life of the system, not just construction.
This is how Mitrelli works with governments and finance partners to translate national visions into measurable delivery aligned with the SDGs.
What are the systemic risks when infrastructure fails to keep pace with urban and demographic pressure?
The risks are compounding. In peri urban zones, unreliable water becomes a multiplier of fragility.
Public health deteriorates, trust in institutions erodes, and informal vendors charge the poor the most for the worst water.
Climate shocks, from droughts to floods, can turn a service gap into crisis.
Our response is to stabilize systems, not just add assets: reliable production, pressure management, resilient storage, and real time monitoring with a funded O&M plan. In Angola, the ongoing ProÁgua program is designed exactly for this, stabilizing urban networks at scale, while “Water for All” applies a standardized, modular approach in rural provinces. Together they reduce vulnerability while restoring institutional credibility and public confidence.
What separates a future proof water investment from business as usual?
Three things:
- Lifecycle finance and governance. We structure projects so O&M is funded and accountable from day one, through performance-based contracts, tariff roadmaps with affordability measures, and utility strengthening.
- Digital operations. SCADA, district metered areas, and leak detection are not luxuries, they are insurance for every dollar invested. They reduce losses, protect water quality, and shorten outage times.
- Climate adaptation by design. Source diversification, drought resilient treatment trains, flood safe stations, and solar powered plants cut risk and operating cost. The goal is predictable service during unpredictable weather.
What are the non-negotiable systems that work, technically, financially, and socially?
- Technical: modular plants that can expand, resilient networks with storage and pressure control, and digital diagnostics for proactive maintenance.
- Financial: bankable structures de risked by credible revenue pathways, lifeline blocks for the poor, targeted subsidies instead of blanket underpricing, and ring-fenced O&M budgets.
- Institutional and social: utilities with clear mandates and trained operators, and community engagement so customers understand service levels, billing, and complaint channels.
We have applied these principles in Angola and Côte d’Ivoire, pairing export credit with sovereign support and commercial participation, while investing in utility reform and operator training so the handover is to a stronger institution, not just a new asset list. Mitrelli prioritizes local employment, domestic sourcing, and continuous knowledge transfer so capacity remains after we exit.
Lessons on scale with execution
Scale without systems is just sprawl. What works is sequencing and standardization. We first stabilize production and trunk distribution, then roll out district zones with a standard bill of materials to cut lead times and simplify spares. In parallel, we build human capacity, regional maintenance teams, certified water quality labs, and trained commercial staff.
Under “Water for All” project, rural systems follow a repeatable package: solar powered boreholes, modular treatment, elevated storage, and prepaid or smart metering. They are operated by trained local teams with clear maintenance protocols and locally stocked spare parts, so villages are not dependent on distant technicians. The metric of success is durability, steady service years after commissioning, falling nonrevenue water, and rising customer satisfaction.
The often quoted 30-billion-dollar annual water investment gap, problem or opportunity?
A massive opportunity, when we treat water as a strategic asset. Governments can do three things quickly.
- First, create investable utilities with transparent accounts.
- Second, approve tariff roadmaps with targeted social support.
- Third, publish a standardized project pipeline with feasibility, ESIA, and risk allocation so capital can move. Export credit agencies can anchor large programs where sovereign support is available, and PPPs can scale where revenue is credible. Crucially, programs like ProÁgua and “Water for All” show that when delivery is sequenced and operations are funded, finance follows service reliability, not the other way around. This is exactly where Mitrelli brings value, not only as an operational catalyst, but as a strategic partner that aligns financing, engineering, and community-based operations into one coherent model.
And what should international partners and investors expect from Mitrelli on a large program?
Clear accountability and full stack delivery. We co-design with governments, arrange financing alongside export credit agencies where appropriate, and deliver standardized, climate resilient assets with digital oversight. We train operators, set up performance dashboards, and support utilities post-handover. The objective is simple, systems that are technically sound, financially sustainable, and trusted by the communities they serve. This is how we honor our mission and the vision of Africa’s leaders, turning ambition into dependable service that improves lives at scale.
Explore more insights in our feature with Forbes Africa: Tapping into Opportunity: Why Africa’s $30 Billion Water Crisis Demands Strategic Investments